What a concept! Ageless aging sounds a little like denial. At 88, I’m in my last decade with no illusions about what waits for me at the end. A new and unknowable chapter.
What I do want–and suspect that you do, too–is to be as alive as possible, physically and mentally, until the final breath.
Creatine
I had never heard of this supplement. If you, dear Reader, watch TV or follow health influencers, you know that many elite athletes use and recommend Creatine to enhance their performance. Most of you don’t fit in this category. I’m certainly not a big time atheletic influencer. When my colleague Dr. Dick Chaney offered his review of the value of Creatine to the ordinary person’s well-being, I read his analysis of the research with interest. I want to share that information with you. Here is a link to his article. Nerding out on the science behind products I don’t know anything about is a pleasure for me. Read the whole discussion if you want to understand creatine for the ordinary person.
Dr. Chaney summarizes the studies he reviews in detail in his article.
If you are interested in creatine to support high-intensity, short-duration activity, the data are clear. Creatine supplementation in the 5-20 gm/day range with adequate hydration is both safe and effective.
Creatine offers little benefit for endurance events. But if you engage in high-intensity training to build muscle mass in preparation for endurance events, creatine is likely to be beneficial.
However, we are at the early stages of understanding the effects of creatine supplementation on brain health and cognitive function. Most of the results are promising, but preliminary.
Here is a brief summary:
- The effectiveness of creatine supplementation at increasing brain creatine levels and improving brain function is highly variable.
- For some individuals, creatine supplementation results in a 25-30% increase in brain creatine levels. Those individuals are likely to experience brain health benefits.
- For other individuals, creatine supplementation results in 2-5% increase in brain creatine levels. These individuals may not experience noticeable brain health benefits.
- These reason for this variability in the effect of creatine supplementation is unknown at present.
Creatine supplementation for brain health is where cancer drugs were in 2002. [When Dr. Chaney was a research professor internationally known for his research on the biochemistry of anticancer drugs.] Until we can predict which individuals will experience a significant increase in brain creatine levels with supplementation, clinical studies will continue to be inconsistent, and the scientific community will continue to consider creatine supplementation for brain health to be “unproven”.
- But the good news is that, with adequate hydration, creatine supplementation is safe. So, you can take it for its muscle benefits. And, if you also experience brain health benefits, consider it an added benefit.
And there are certain situations where even the medical profession often recommends creatine supplementation for brain health. For example:
- Studies suggest that creatine supplementation may improve brain function for people with sleep deprivation, mild traumatic brain injury, cognitive decline, conditions that restrict blood flow to the brain, Alzheimer’s disease, and depression.
- For example, it is often recommended for mild traumatic brain injury because the health consequences of untreated traumatic brain injury are severe and the risks of creatine supplementation are low.
Finally, the optimal dosage and duration of creatine supplementation for brain health benefits is unknown.
- Most studies use 20 grams/day divided into two or three smaller doses.
- But the effect of body weight on dosage recommendations has not been studied. People in the sports medicine field tell me that female gymnasts use significantly less creatine than male football players. If your body weight is low, you might want to aim for 10-15 grams/day.
Creatine Supplementation Cautions
While the safety of creatine supplementation is well established, there are some cautions you should be aware of:
- Creatinine, the breakdown product of creatine metabolism, puts some stress on the kidneys.
- While this is not a problem if your kidneys are healthy, you should consult with your health professional about taking creatine if you have any indications of impaired kidney function.
- Even if your kidneys are perfectly healthy, creatine supplementation may increase blood creatinine levels. If your health professional is using creatinine levels to measure kidney health, you should let them know that you are supplementing with creatine.
- Adequate hydration (preferably with water) is important because creatine pulls water with it as it enters your muscle cells.
- This plumps up your muscles, which is great if you are a body builder.
- This dehydrates you, which can cause side effects like muscle cramps, headaches, nausea, stomach cramps, and diarrhea.
- These side effects are usually transitory and can be avoided or reduced by adequate hydration. If symptoms continue despite adequate hydration, you should lower the dose or discontinue creatine supplementation.
The Bottom Line
If you are interested in creatine to support any kind of high intensity, short duration activity, the data are clear. Creatine supplementation in the 5-20 gm/day range with adequate hydration is both safe and effective.
However, we are at the early stages of understanding the effects of creatine supplementation on brain health and cognitive function. Most of the results are promising, but preliminary.
I discussed two studies on creatine supplementation and brain health in this article. Here is a brief summary of their findings:
- Creatine supplementation may improve brain function for people with sleep deprivation, mild traumatic brain injury, cognitive decline, conditions that restrict blood flow to the brain, Alzheimer’s disease, and depression).
- Although the effectiveness of creatine supplementation on brain function is uncertain at present, many experts recommend it if you fall into one of the categories listed above because creatine supplementation has been shown to be safe by decades of sports medicine studies.
- The effectiveness of creatine supplementation at increasing brain creatine levels and improving brain function is highly variable.
- For some individuals, creatine supplementation results in a 25-30% increase in brain creatine levels. Those individuals are likely to experience brain health benefits.
- For other individuals, creatine supplementation results in 2-5% increase in brain creatine levels. These individuals may not experience noticeable brain health benefits.
- But the good news is that, with adequate hydration, creatine supplementation is safe. So, you can take it for its muscle benefits. And, if you also experience brain health benefits, consider it an added benefit.
For more information on this study, what it means for you, and cautions about using creatine supplements, read the article above.
These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This information is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
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Be well, Do well, and Keep moving!
Probably the most effective way to promote ageless aging, MOVE.
To your good health, Betsy
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